trial by battle

trial by battle
an ancient form of alternative dispute resolution by which parties fought each other to the death. Champions could be substituted. It was abolished in England after the case of Ashford v. Thornton (1818) 1 B. & Ald. 405. In Scotland, it took longer for a final determination on competency, a ruling on the point being sought only in 1985.

Collins dictionary of law. . 2001.

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