Foreknowledge
111compatibilism — Compatibilism about x and y is the doctrine that x and y are compatible, that is, that they may obtain together or be true together or that an individual may possess both. The usual use of this term in philosophy is concerning freedom or moral …
112Molina, Luis de — (1535 1600) A leading sixteenth century Spanish scholastic and Jesuit, Molina is today chiefly remembered for the doctrine of middle knowledge that he developed from the teachings of his master, Pedro da Fonseca (1528 99). In his Liberi… …
113necessity, accidental — A proposition is true of accidental necessity at a certain time if it is outside causal reach at that time, that is, if it cannot be caused to be true or caused to be false at that time. It is alleged in the problem of foreknowledge and… …
114Ockham /Occam, William of — (c. 1285 1349) Having been born in Ockham, Surrey, William joined the Franciscan order, and was educated at Greyfriars in London, and at Oxford. He was summoned to the papal court in Avignon to respond to a charge of heresy, but fled in 1328… …
115omniscience — Omniscience is easily defined as the knowledge of all truth (though we should also add that God has personal knowledge of everything). Christian philosophers have wrestled, however, with various problems that have been posed: one is the famous …
116past, power over the — One solution to the problem of foreknowledge and freedom is to say that we have power over the past, in particular over God s past forebeliefs about what others would freely do in the future. It follows that I have the freedom to stay in bed… …
117Plantinga, Alvin — (1932 ) One of the leading Christian philosophers of the present day, Plantinga has made a major contribution to the current renaissance of Christian philosophy. He was educated at, and later taught at, Calvin College, a university of the… …
118ARAMA, ISAAC BEN MOSES — (c. 1420–1494), Spanish rabbi, philosopher, and preacher. As a young man Arama taught at Zamora and subsequently served the small communities of Tarragona and Fraga in Aragon. He was later appointed rabbi of Calatayud, where he wrote most of his… …
119ARISTOTLE° — (fourth century B.C.E.), Greek philosopher and founder of the peripatetic school. Aristotle achieved a unique rank in the estimation of Muslim and Jewish medieval philosophers, who often refer to him simply as the philosopher. Maimonides stated… …
120POLLEGAR (Pulgar, Policar), ISAAC BEN JOSEPH IBN — (first half of 14th century), Spanish scholar and philosopher. Pollegar s chief literary work was the Ezer ha Dat ( Support of Faith ), consisting of five sections, which was published with an English summary by G. Belasco in 1906, while a… …
