Provable
81Negation — For other uses, see Negation (disambiguation). In logic and mathematics, negation, also called logical complement, is an operation on propositions, truth values, or semantic values more generally. Intuitively, the negation of a proposition is… …
82Intuitionistic logic — Intuitionistic logic, or constructive logic, is a symbolic logic system differing from classical logic in its definition of the meaning of a statement being true. In classical logic, all well formed statements are assumed to be either true or… …
83World War II casualties — World War II was humanity s deadliest war, causing tens of millions of deaths. The tables below provide a detailed country by country count of human losses.Total human lossesThe total estimated human loss of life caused by World War II was… …
84Supertask — In philosophy, a supertask is a task occurring within a finite interval of time involving infinitely many steps (subtasks). A hypertask is a supertask with an uncountable number of subtasks. The term supertask was coined by the philosopher James… …
85Recursively enumerable set — In computability theory, traditionally called recursion theory, a set S of natural numbers is called recursively enumerable, computably enumerable, semidecidable, provable or Turing recognizable if: There is an algorithm such that the set of… …
86Second-order logic — In logic and mathematics second order logic is an extension of first order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic.[1] Second order logic is in turn extended by higher order logic and type theory. First order logic uses only… …
87Constructive proof — In mathematics, a constructive proof is a method of proof that demonstrates the existence of a mathematical object with certain properties by creating or providing a method for creating such an object. This is in contrast to a nonconstructive… …
88Zero-knowledge proof — In cryptography, a zero knowledge proof or zero knowledge protocol is an interactive method for one party to prove to another that a (usually mathematical) statement is true, without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement.A… …
89Von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory — In the foundations of mathematics, von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory (NBG) is an axiomatic set theory that is a conservative extension of the canonical axiomatic set theory ZFC. A statement in the language of ZFC is provable in NBG if and only …
90Approximation algorithm — In computer science and operations research, approximation algorithms are algorithms used to find approximate solutions to optimization problems. Approximation algorithms are often associated with NP hard problems; since it is unlikely that there …
