beyond+computation
91Alternating Turing machine — In computational complexity theory, an alternating Turing machine (ATM) is a non deterministic Turing machine (NTM) with a rule for accepting computations that generalizes the rules used in the definition of the complexity classes NP and co NP.… …
92Peter J. Denning — Peter James Denning (By Louis Fabian Bachrach) Born January 6, 1942 (1942 01 06 …
93Cartan-Karlhede algorithm — One of the most fundamental problems of Riemannian geometry is this: given two Riemannian manifolds of the same dimension, how can one tell if they are locally isometric? This question was addressed by Elwin Christoffel, and completely solved by… …
94Numerical approximations of π — This page is about the history of numerical approximations of the mathematical constant pi;. There is a summarizing table at chronology of computation of pi;. See also history of pi; for other aspects of the evolution of our knowledge about… …
95France — /frans, frahns/; Fr. /frddahonns/, n. 1. Anatole /ann nann tawl /, (Jacques Anatole Thibault), 1844 1924, French novelist and essayist: Nobel prize 1921. 2. a republic in W Europe. 58,470,421; 212,736 sq. mi. (550,985 sq. km). Cap.: Paris. 3.… …
96Christian Calendar — Christian Calendar † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Christian Calendar GENERALITIES All civilized peoples and even those which seem to be only just emerging from utter barbarism keep some kind of record of the flight of time and are… …
97Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
98Huron Indians — • If language may be taken as a fair criterion to go by, the Hurons proper were the original stock from which sprang all the branches of the great Iroquoian family, whether included in the primitive federation of the Five Nations, or standing… …
99cosmos — /koz meuhs, mohs/, n., pl. cosmos, cosmoses for 2, 4. 1. the world or universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious system. 2. a complete, orderly, harmonious system. 3. order; harmony. 4. any composite plant of the genus Cosmos, of tropical… …
100Iran, ancient — Introduction also known as Persia historic region of southwestern Asia that is only roughly coterminous with modern Iran. The term Persia was used for centuries, chiefly in the West, to designate those regions where Persian language and… …
