necessary+truth
61Supervenience — In philosophy, supervenience is a kind of dependency relationship, typically held to obtain between sets of properties. According to one standard definition, a set of properties A supervenes on a set of properties B, if and only if any two… …
62Descriptivist theory of names — is a view of the nature of the meaning and reference of proper names generally attributed to Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell. The theory consists essentially in the idea that the meanings (semantic contents) of names are identical to the… …
63Essence and Existence — • Essence, described as that whereby a thing is what it is. Existence is that whereby the essence is an actuality in the line of being Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Essence and Existence Essence and Existence …
64Counterpart theory — In philosophy, specifically in the area of modal metaphysics, counterpart theory is an alternative to standard (Kripkean) possible worlds semantics for interpreting quantified modal logic. Counterpart theory still presupposes possible worlds, but …
65Validity — The term validity (also called logical truth, analytic truth, or necessary truth) as it occurs in logic refers generally to a property of particular statements and deductive arguments. Although validity and logical truth are synonymous concepts,… …
66Philosophy of language — is the reasoned inquiry into the nature, origins, and usage of language. As a topic, the philosophy of language for Analytic Philosophers is concerned with four central problems: the nature of meaning, language use, language cognition, and the… …
67Invariances — Invariances, published in 2001 by Harvard University Press, was Robert Nozick s last book before his death in 2002. Introduction In the introduction to his book Nozick assumes orthodox quantum mechanics and draws inferences from it about… …
68Philosophy of logic — This article is about philosophy of logic, not philosophical logic. Philosophy of logic is the branch of philosophy that is concerned with the scope and nature of logic. Some fundamental questions with which it is concerned are:* Is there only… …
69Discourse ethics — Discourse ethics, sometimes called argumentation ethics, refers to a type of argument that attempts to establish normative or ethical truths by examining the presuppositions of discourse. Contents 1 Habermas and Apel 1.1 Presupposition 1.2… …
70Aaron Sloman — is a philosopher and researcher on artificial intelligence and cognitive science. He is the author of several papers on philosophy, epistemology and artificial intelligence. He held the Chair in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science at… …
