originality
121logic, history of — Introduction the history of the discipline from its origins among the ancient Greeks to the present time. Origins of logic in the West Precursors of ancient logic There was a medieval tradition according to which the Greek philosopher …
122painting, Western — ▪ art Introduction history of Western painting from its beginnings in prehistoric times to the present. Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment (but see also drawing for discussion of depictions in …
123Western architecture — Introduction history of Western architecture from prehistoric Mediterranean cultures to the present. The history of Western architecture is marked by a series of new solutions to structural problems. During the period from the… …
124German Literature — • History starting with the pre Christian period to 800 A.D Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. German Literature German Literature …
125Italian Literature — • The modern language of Italy is naturally derived from Latin, a continuation and development of the Latin actually spoken among the inhabitants of the peninsula after the downfall of the Roman Empire Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006.… …
126Polish Literature — • Of the literature of Poland before the advent of Christianity (965) very few traces indeed are extant . . . Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Polish Literature Polish Literature …
127Portuguese Literature — • The Portuguese language was developed gradually from the lingua rustica spoken in the countries which formed part of the Roman Empire . . . Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Portuguese Literature Portuguese Li …
128Ratio Studiorum — • The educational system of the Jesuits Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Ratio Studiorum Ratio Studiorum † …
