sureness
71Hawthorne, Nathaniel — born July 4, 1804, Salem, Mass., U.S. died May 19, 1864, Plymouth, N.H. U.S. novelist and short story writer. Descended from Puritans, he was imbued with a deep moral earnestness. After producing several unexceptional works, he wrote some of his… …
72Mengs, Anton Raphael — born March 22, 1728, Aussig, Bohemia died June 29, 1779, Rome, Papal States German painter. After study in Dresden and Rome, he became painter to the Saxon court in Dresden in 1745. Back in Rome in the late 1740s and again in the early 1750s, he… …
73Restoration literature — English literature written after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 following the period of the Commonwealth. Some literary historians equate its era with the reign of Charles II (1660–85), while others add the reign of James II (1685–88).… …
74Ribera, José de — or Jusepe de Ribera (baptized Feb. 17, 1591, Játiva, Spain died Sept. 2, 1652, Naples) Spanish painter and printmaker. Though born in Spain, where he is said to have trained under Francisco Ribalta, he spent most of his life in Naples (then a… …
75ancient Rome — ▪ ancient state, Europe, Africa, and Asia Introduction the state centred on the city of Rome. This article discusses the period from the founding of the city and the regal period, which began in 753 BC, through the events leading to the… …
76English literature — Introduction the body of written works produced in the English language by inhabitants of the British Isles (including Ireland) from the 7th century to the present day. The major literatures written in English outside the British Isles are… …
77Juli, El — ▪ Spanish bullfighter byname of Julián López Escobar born Oct. 3, 1982, Madrid, Spain Spanish matador, who created a sensation in the bullfighting world at the end of the 20th century. López was nine years old when he caped his first… …
78Native American art — ▪ visual arts Introduction also called Indian art or American Indian art the visual art of the aboriginal inhabitants of the Americas, often called American Indians. For a further discussion of the visual art of the Americas produced in …
79Porson, Richard — ▪ English scholar born Dec. 25, 1759, East Ruston, Norfolk, Eng. died Sept. 25, 1808, London British master of classical scholarship during the 18th century, the most brilliant of the English school that devoted itself to the task of… …
80Sanudo, Marino — ▪ Italian historian [born 1466] born June 22, 1466, Venice died April 4, 1536, Venice Venetian historian whose Diarii is an invaluable source for the history of his period. In his enthusiasm for historical and classical learning, Sanudo… …
